{"id":"15ffbebe-033e-4414-a2d9-78b164b7ccf2","title":"Lab-Labs Unit Refinery Russian","created_at":"2025-10-04T17:47:26Z","saved":true,"shared":true,"branch_id":"c069376a-c247-43f6-9172-2011b1d47d76","profile":{"id":null,"name":null,"model":"kimi-k2","model_name":"Kimi K2","model_provider":"moonshot","model_input_limit":1000000,"recommended":true,"model_info":"\n\n<div class=\"heading\">\n <div class=\"left\">\n \n \n \n <svg class=\"model-icon icon-xs\" data-model=\"kimi-k2\">\n <use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"/>\n </svg>\n <h3>\n \n <span class=\"model-provider\">Moonshot AI</span>\n \n <span class=\"model-name\">none</span>\n </h3>\n </div>\n\n \n <a href=\"/settings?p=custom_assistant&id=none\">\n <svg class=\"icon-sm edit-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <use href=\"#icon-pencil\" />\n </svg>\n </a>\n \n</div>\n\n\n<hr />\n<ul>\n \n <li>\n <h4>\n Cost\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Moderate\">\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Quality\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 3 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Speed\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Privacy\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li class=\"divider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"></li>\n <li>\n <h4>Last updated</h4>\n <span class=\"date\">\n \n \n 2025-09-05\n \n \n </span>\n </li>\n \n</ul>\n","model_provider_name":"Moonshot AI","internet_access":true,"personalizations":false,"shortcut":null,"is_default_profile":false},"tag_ids":[],"read_only":true}

[{"id":"42cec911-6a0b-4873-addb-ac46e2d59cd7","thread_id":"15ffbebe-033e-4414-a2d9-78b164b7ccf2","created_at":"2025-10-04T17:47:41Z","branch_list":["00000000-0000-4000-0000-000000000000","c069376a-c247-43f6-9172-2011b1d47d76"],"state":"done","prompt":"LAB-LABS unit refinery russian","references_html":"<ol>\n \n <li>\n <a href=\"https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/ukraine-hits-russian-leningrad-refinery-for-1759587873.html\" >Ukraine hits Russian Leningrad refinery for the third time in ...</a>\n <span class=\"__domain-name\">newsukraine.rbc.ua</span>\n <div class=\"trigger\" tabindex=\"0\">\n <span class=\"contribution\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary-70) 51%, transparent 51%)\">51%</span>\n <div class=\"tooltip top end tooltip_base w-max h-auto tw-auto\">\n This percentage indicates how much a source has contributed to the answer.\n </div>\n </div>\n </li>\n \n <li>\n <a href=\"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2025/10/04/8001221/\" >Russian partisans helped Ukraine strike Leningrad Oblast ...</a>\n <span class=\"__domain-name\">www.pravda.com.ua</span>\n <div class=\"trigger\" tabindex=\"0\">\n <span class=\"contribution\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary-70) 49%, transparent 49%)\">49%</span>\n <div class=\"tooltip top end tooltip_base w-max h-auto tw-auto\">\n This percentage indicates how much a source has contributed to the answer.\n </div>\n </div>\n </li>\n \n</ol>\n","references_md":"[^1]: [Ukraine hits Russian Leningrad refinery for the third time in ...](https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/ukraine-hits-russian-leningrad-refinery-for-1759587873.html) (51%)\n[^2]: [Russian partisans helped Ukraine strike Leningrad Oblast ...](https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2025/10/04/8001221/) (49%)\n","reply":"<details><summary>Searched with Kagi<p></p>\n<ul>\n<li>LAB-LABS unit refinery Russia</li></ul></summary> Sources (5):<br>\n<strong>Ukraine hits Russian Leningrad refinery for the third time in ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/ukraine-hits-russian-leningrad-refinery-for-1759587873.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/ukraine-hits-russian-leningrad-refinery-for-1759587873.html</a><br>\nOct 04, 2025 The military confirmed that the strike hit the LAB-LABS unit, which produces linear alkylbenzenes and linear alkyl aromatic sulfonates, and ...\n\n<p><strong>Refinery Laboratory Design - OnePointe Solutions</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.onepointesolutions.com/blog/refinery/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.onepointesolutions.com/blog/refinery/</a><br>\nJul 18, 2020 Oil and gas refinery lab design can be an extremely complex and challenging process, especially when tackling the task for the first time. As a laboratory design and construction firm, we have been designing, building, and installing quality laboratory furniture and equipment for more than a decade.</p>\n<p><strong>How To Design a Pathology Lab - OnePointe Solutions</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.onepointesolutions.com/blog/how-to-design-a-pathology-lab/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.onepointesolutions.com/blog/how-to-design-a-pathology-lab/</a><br>\nJul 29, 2022 Refinery Labs.In addition to storage, designers will also need to create four distinct areas: receiving, storage, processing, and documentation. In some situations, a waiting room will also need to be added. Often, these areas will be blocked off in advance with interior walls and structural features. However, this is not always true. In situations where the designer faces a massive open layout, they will need to use lab-grade partitions to safely and clearly define the boundaries between each working space.</p>\n<p><strong>What Are Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)? - OnePointe Solutions</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.onepointesolutions.com/blog/what-is-a-glp-lab/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.onepointesolutions.com/blog/what-is-a-glp-lab/</a><br>\nJun 16, 2021 Good Laboratory Practices are accepted methods used to carry out activities or operations in a laboratory.All data must be in written form; dated and initialed by the appropriate people. The final report by the Quality Assurance Unit (QUA) must contain a compliance statement signed by the test applicant, the Sponsor and the Study Director describing any and all deviations from GLP standards.</p>\n<p><strong>Russian partisans helped Ukraine strike Leningrad Oblast ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2025/10/04/8001221/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2025/10/04/8001221/</a><br>\nOct 04, 2025 Details: The Ukrainian military confirmed that they hit both the LAB-LABS unit, responsible for producing linear alkylbenzols and linear ...</p>\n</details><p><strong>A LAB-LABS unit at a Russian refinery was recently struck</strong>, producing linear alkylbenzenes and linear alkyl aromatic sulfonates<sup class=\"trigger\"><a href=\"https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/ukraine-hits-russian-leningrad-refinery-for-1759587873.html\" target=\"_blank\">1</a><span class=\"tooltip top center citation\"><a href=\"https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/ukraine-hits-russian-leningrad-refinery-for-1759587873.html#:~:text=The%20military,sulfonates%2C%20and\"><span class=\"source\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/proxy/favicons?c=lQ30-cxV_E2Vdyqb6hrbuYgId7qu7hecjO7o1T7aqQDFc7XpcLttL1Ryala-GNHJBNWUfPgcljPEe-Dh9yC66mC6Hx7Q5c4vmls-aVFbNc8%3D\"> newsukraine.rbc.ua</span><b>1. Ukraine hits Russian Leningrad refinery for the third time in ...</b></a><span class=\"passage\">The military confirmed that the strike hit the LAB-LABS unit, which produces linear alkylbenzenes and linear alkyl aromatic sulfonates, and ...</span></span></sup><sup class=\"trigger\"><a href=\"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2025/10/04/8001221/\" target=\"_blank\">2</a><span class=\"tooltip top center citation\"><a href=\"https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2025/10/04/8001221/#:~:text=Details%3A%20The,and%20linear\"><span class=\"source\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/proxy/favicons?c=lQ30-cxV_E2Vdyqb6hrbuYgId7qu7hecjO7o1T7aqQDFc7XpcLttL1Ryala-GNHJlZ73WC3S-G1PuB4kweXPjdWGV4zIyf-JWsOA8v7j2JU%3D\"> www.pravda.com.ua</span><b>2. Russian partisans helped Ukraine strike Leningrad Oblast ...</b></a><span class=\"passage\">Details: The Ukrainian military confirmed that they hit both the LAB-LABS unit, responsible for producing linear alkylbenzols and linear ...</span></span></sup>.</p>","md":"**A LAB-LABS unit at a Russian refinery was recently struck**, producing linear alkylbenzenes and linear alkyl aromatic sulfonates[^1][^2].","profile":{"id":null,"name":null,"model":"kimi-k2","model_name":"Kimi K2","model_provider":"moonshot","model_input_limit":1000000,"recommended":true,"model_info":"\n\n<div class=\"heading\">\n <div class=\"left\">\n \n \n \n <svg class=\"model-icon icon-xs\" data-model=\"kimi-k2\">\n <use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"/>\n </svg>\n <h3>\n \n <span class=\"model-provider\">Moonshot AI</span>\n \n <span class=\"model-name\">none</span>\n </h3>\n </div>\n\n \n <a href=\"/settings?p=custom_assistant&id=none\">\n <svg class=\"icon-sm edit-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <use href=\"#icon-pencil\" />\n </svg>\n </a>\n \n</div>\n\n\n<hr />\n<ul>\n \n <li>\n <h4>\n Cost\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Moderate\">\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Quality\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 3 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Speed\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Privacy\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li class=\"divider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"></li>\n <li>\n <h4>Last updated</h4>\n <span class=\"date\">\n \n \n 2025-09-05\n \n \n </span>\n </li>\n \n</ul>\n","model_provider_name":"Moonshot AI","internet_access":true,"personalizations":false,"shortcut":null,"is_default_profile":false},"metadata":"<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Model</span>\n <span class=\"value\"><i class=\"icon-xs mr-2\"><svg><use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"></use></svg></i>Kimi K2</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Version</span>\n <span class=\"value\">moonshotai/kimi-k2-instruct-0905</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Speed (tok/s)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">139</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Tokens</span>\n <span class=\"value\">1,780</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Cost ($)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">0.004</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">End to end time (s)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">3.37</span>\n</li>\n\n","documents":[]},{"id":"714e5a1e-cabc-41af-9298-83257729177e","thread_id":"15ffbebe-033e-4414-a2d9-78b164b7ccf2","created_at":"2025-10-04T17:48:12Z","state":"done","prompt":"Can you explain the technical details of this unit?","references_html":"<ol>\n \n <li>\n <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylbenzene_sulfonate\" >Alkylbenzene sulfonate - Wikipedia</a>\n <span class=\"__domain-name\">en.wikipedia.org</span>\n <div class=\"trigger\" tabindex=\"0\">\n <span class=\"contribution\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary-70) 54%, transparent 54%)\">54%</span>\n <div class=\"tooltip top end tooltip_base w-max h-auto tw-auto\">\n This percentage indicates how much a source has contributed to the answer.\n </div>\n </div>\n </li>\n \n <li>\n <a href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8867685/\" >A Review in Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB) Production Processes in the ...</a>\n <span class=\"__domain-name\">pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</span>\n <div class=\"trigger\" tabindex=\"0\">\n <span class=\"contribution\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary-70) 29%, transparent 29%)\">29%</span>\n <div class=\"tooltip top end tooltip_base w-max h-auto tw-auto\">\n This percentage indicates how much a source has contributed to the answer.\n </div>\n </div>\n </li>\n \n <li>\n <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_alkylbenzene\" >Linear alkylbenzene - Wikipedia</a>\n <span class=\"__domain-name\">en.wikipedia.org</span>\n <div class=\"trigger\" tabindex=\"0\">\n <span class=\"contribution\" style=\"background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary-70) 17%, transparent 17%)\">17%</span>\n <div class=\"tooltip top end tooltip_base w-max h-auto tw-auto\">\n This percentage indicates how much a source has contributed to the answer.\n </div>\n </div>\n </li>\n \n</ol>\n","references_md":"[^1]: [Alkylbenzene sulfonate - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylbenzene_sulfonate) (54%)\n[^2]: [A Review in Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB) Production Processes in the ...](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8867685/) (29%)\n[^3]: [Linear alkylbenzene - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_alkylbenzene) (17%)\n","reply":"<details><summary>Searched with Kagi<p></p>\n<ul>\n<li>LAB-LABS unit technical details</li>\n<li>linear alkylbenzene production process</li>\n<li>linear alkyl aromatic sulfonate production process</li></ul></summary> Sources (15):<br>\n<strong>Technical specification for Lab-infrastructure</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://hobh.lu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Lab-house_of_biohealth_brochure.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">https://hobh.lu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Lab-house_of_biohealth_brochure.pdf</a><br>\nMay 01, 2019 All individual labs have access to technical ducts for technical equipment. The laboratories are fully equipped with air conditioning and comfort ventilation.\n\n<p><strong>Part B Health Facility Briefing &amp; Design</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://healthfacilityguidelines.com/ViewPDF/ViewIndexPDF/iHFG_part_b_laboratory_unit\" target=\"_blank\">https://healthfacilityguidelines.com/ViewPDF/ViewIndexPDF/iHFG_part_b_laboratory_unit</a><br>\nSep 12, 2019 The Laboratory Unit provides facilities and equipment for the examination of body tissues and fluids. The process involves receipt of patient ...</p>\n<p><strong>Laboratory Standard &amp; Design Guidelines - Stanford University</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://ehs.stanford.edu/manual/laboratory-standard-design-guidelines\" target=\"_blank\">https://ehs.stanford.edu/manual/laboratory-standard-design-guidelines</a><br>\n The Stanford Laboratory Standard &amp; Design Guide is a resource document for use by faculty, staff, and design professionals during the planning and early design phases of a project.</p>\n<p><strong>UV laboratory systems for research and development | IST METZ</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.ist-uv.com/en/products/laboratory-units/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.ist-uv.com/en/products/laboratory-units/</a><br>\nOct 08, 2016 Switch and control unit for laboratory units. The lamp power is adjusted using a 3 step switching (50, 75 and 100%). Electronic ballast are optionally available.The IST standard laboratory unit is equipped with one, alternatively two LED or LAMP units. A single lamp unit or a combination of lamp and LED is possible. The array/lamp length is 360mm respectively 400mm. The distance between the LED and lamp modules to the conveyor belt can be easily adjusted.</p>\n<p><strong>The Lab Module-Basis for Laboratory Design</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.wbdg.org/resources/lab-module-basis-laboratory-design\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.wbdg.org/resources/lab-module-basis-laboratory-design</a><br>\n The laboratory module is the key unit in any lab facility. When designed correctly, a lab module fully coordinates all architectural and engineering systems.</p>\n<p><strong>A Review in Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB) Production ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8867685/\" target=\"_blank\">https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8867685/</a><br>\nApr 14, 2025 by A Shokri · 2022 · Cited by 46 — The most important commercial process for the production of LAB is the Detal method proposed by the UOP. This process combines with the ...</p>\n<p><strong>Linear alkylbenzene - Wikipedia</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_alkylbenzene\" target=\"_blank\">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_alkylbenzene</a><br>\nJan 05, 2013 The HF/n-paraffins process involving dehydrogenation of n-paraffins to olefins, and subsequent reaction with benzene using hydrogen fluoride as catalyst.</p>\n<p><strong>Alkylbenzene sulfonate - Wikipedia</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylbenzene_sulfonate\" target=\"_blank\">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylbenzene_sulfonate</a><br>\nNov 16, 2010 Along with sodium laureth sulfate, they are one of the oldest and most widely used synthetic detergents and may be found in numerous personal-care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste etc.) and household-care products (laundry detergent, dishwashing liquid, spray cleaner etc.).[1] They were introduced in the 1930s in the form of branched alkylbenzene sulfonates (BAS).Kocal, Joseph A; Vora, Bipin V; Imai, Tamotsu (November 2001). \"Production of linear alkylbenzenes\". Applied Catalysis A: General.</p>\n<p><strong>Alkylbenzene - Wikipedia</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylbenzene\" target=\"_blank\">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylbenzene</a><br>\nJul 01, 2015 Alkylbenzenes are a very important class of hydrocarbons, especially in the synthetic production industry. It is the raw material in the production of synthetic sulfonate detergents, which are found in a variety of household products such as soap, shampoo, toothpaste, laundry detergent, etc. Linear alkylbenzenes (LAB) and branched alkylbenzenes (BAB) are families of alkylbenzene used to prepare synthetic sulfonates.</p>\n<p><strong>US8455706B2 - Method of making linear alkylbenzenes</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://patents.google.com/patent/US8455706B2/en\" target=\"_blank\">https://patents.google.com/patent/US8455706B2/en</a><br>\nMar 17, 2018 A method of producing a linear alkylbenzene that includes introducing an olefin into an aromatic stream to form a mixture; processing the mixture in a shear ...</p>\n<p><strong>alkylbenzene sulfonate production, linear, petrochemical</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://ecoquery.ecoinvent.org/3.10/cutoff/dataset/6568/lci\" target=\"_blank\">https://ecoquery.ecoinvent.org/3.10/cutoff/dataset/6568/lci</a><br>\n LAS is produced from benzene and paraffins via sulphonation of linear alkylbenzene (LAB) and neutralization with caustic soda, using AlCl3 or HF processes.</p>\n<p><strong>A Review in Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB) Production Processes in the ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8867685/\" target=\"_blank\">https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8867685/</a><br>\n by A Shokri · 2022 · Cited by 46 — LAB is produced by converting linear paraffins to olefins, then reacting with benzene. Main methods include HF and Detal processes, with Detal ...</p>\n<p><strong>US5120765.pdf</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pdfs/US5120765.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pdfs/US5120765.pdf</a><br>\nApr 07, 2014 lar linear alkyl aromatic sulfonate has been found to be.Linear alkyl aromatic sulfonates are known to be. able in other applications to provide a suspension of useful in enhanced oil recovery, household cleaning and. rubber in which the rubber does not contain solvents. in other surfactant applications, and are well known in. It is therefore an object of the present invention to_ 35 the chemical industry.</p>\n<p><strong>Process to obtain a highly soluble linear alkylbenzene ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://patents.google.com/patent/US20090221464A1/en\" target=\"_blank\">https://patents.google.com/patent/US20090221464A1/en</a><br>\nJan 22, 2019 LAS is produced by sulfonation of Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB) and subsequent neutralization of the corresponding sulfonic acid (HLAS). Linear alkylbenzene is ...</p>\n<p><strong>Method of making linear alkylbenzenes - Google Patents</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://patents.google.com/patent/US8455706B2/en\" target=\"_blank\">https://patents.google.com/patent/US8455706B2/en</a><br>\n More specifically, the invention relates to methods of making linear alkylbenzenes, that is, an alkyl aromatic compound wherein an atom of hydrogen in a benzene ring is substituted by a...</p>\n</details><p>A <strong>LAB-LABS unit</strong> is a refinery block that converts kerosene-range paraffins into two high-volume surfactant intermediates:</p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Linear AlkylBenzene (LAB)</strong> – precursor for household detergents</li>\n<li><strong>Linear Alkyl Aromatic Sulfonate (LAS)</strong> – the sulfonated form, ready for formulation into liquid or powder detergents</li>\n</ol>\n<p>The unit is normally split into two process <strong>trains</strong> that can be run independently or in series.</p>\n<hr>\n<h3>1. Feed Preparation</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Feedstock</strong>: C₁₀–C₁₃ n-paraffins extracted from kerosene via molecular-sieve separation (UOP Molex or equivalent).</li>\n<li><strong>Target</strong>: &gt;98 % linearity and &lt;1 % aromatics to guarantee downstream biodegradability.</li>\n</ul>\n<hr>\n<h3>2. Dehydrogenation (DH)</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Reactor</strong>: Fixed-bed, Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ catalyst, 450–480 °C, 0.3 MPa.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Chemistry</strong>: <br>\nCₙH₂ₙ₊₂ → CₙH₂ₙ + H₂</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Conversion per pass</strong>: 10–12 % to suppress coke; overall olefin yield 90–92 %.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Effluent</strong>: C₁₀–C₁₃ mono-olefins + unconverted paraffins + H₂-rich gas (sent to PSA for H₂ recovery).</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<hr>\n<h3>3. LAB Synthesis</h3>\n<p>Two commercial routes exist; Russian refineries historically used <strong>HF alkylation</strong>, but new units license the <strong>Detal</strong> process.</p>\n<h4>A. HF Route (legacy)</h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Alkylation</strong>: Olefins + benzene over liquid HF, 30–40 °C, 0.1 MPa.</li>\n<li><strong>Ratio</strong>: benzene/olefin ≈ 8:1 to minimise dialkylation.</li>\n<li><strong>Separation</strong>: HF is decanted and recycled; neutralisation with KOH gives fluoride brine.</li>\n</ul>\n<h4>B. Detal Route (modern, solid acid)</h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Catalyst</strong>: Fixed-bed fluorided silica-alumina, 120–160 °C, 2 MPa.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Selectivity</strong>: 96 % to 2-phenyl isomer (highest detergency).</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Advantages</strong>: No HF containment issues, lower benzene recycle, simpler product work-up<sup class=\"trigger\"><a href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8867685/\" target=\"_blank\">2</a><span class=\"tooltip top center citation\"><a href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8867685/#:~:text=by%20A,with%20the\"><span class=\"source\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/proxy/favicons?c=lQ30-cxV_E2Vdyqb6hrbuYgId7qu7hecjO7o1T7aqQDFc7XpcLttL1Ryala-GNHJQQajmIJ1LXE3jQCrtnUi4or74hswFjehyvvVC-cqcw_FZ9CMWMNCfry30Xp7nI94\"> pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</span><b>2. A Review in Linear Alkylbenzene (LAB) Production ...</b></a><span class=\"passage\">by A Shokri · 2022 · Cited by 46 — The most important commercial process for the production of LAB is the Detal method proposed by the UOP. This process combines with the ...</span></span></sup>.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Post-alkylation</strong>: Distillation removes excess benzene (recycled) and heavy alkylate; final LAB contains &lt;1 % tetralins and &lt;0.1 % light ends.</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<hr>\n<h3>4. Sulfonation to LAS</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Reactor</strong>: Multitube falling-film sulfonator, 45–55 °C.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Reagent</strong>: 98 % SO₃/air, SO₃/LAB mole ratio ≈ 1.03.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Chemistry</strong>: <br>\nR–Ph–R′ + SO₃ → R–Ph(SO₃H)–R′ (HLAS)</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Residence time</strong>: &lt;30 s to minimise sulfone formation.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Neutralisation</strong>: Continuous inline with 15 % NaOH, 40–50 °C, pH 7–8.5 → 60 % active LAS paste.</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>By-product</strong>: ~3 % sodium sulfate, removed by centrifuge or vacuum belt filter.</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<hr>\n<h3>5. Product Specification</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>LAB</strong>: Bromine index &lt;20, Saybolt colour +30, water &lt;100 ppm.</li>\n<li><strong>LAS (60 % paste)</strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Active matter 59–61 %</li>\n<li>Free oil &lt;1.5 %</li>\n<li>Colour (5 % sol’n) &lt;50 Klett</li>\n<li>Biodegradability &gt;90 % in 28 d (OECD 301).</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<hr>\n<h3>6. Utility &amp; Footprint</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>A 100 kt yr⁻¹ LAB-LABS unit consumes:\n<ul>\n<li>0.9 t benzene + 0.8 t n-paraffins per t LAB</li>\n<li>120 kWh electricity, 1.2 t MP steam, 30 m³ cooling water per t product.</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><strong>Catalyst life</strong>: DH 4–5 yr, Detal 2–3 yr before regeneration/replacement.</li>\n</ul>\n<hr>\n<h3>7. Safety Notes</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>DH reactor is exothermic; emergency vent goes to flare.</li>\n<li>Detal unit is water-sensitive—feed drying to &lt;5 ppm H₂O.</li>\n<li>SO₃ sulfonation loop is acid-proof glass-lined steel; double-block valves on SO₃ feed.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Thus, the <strong>LAB-LABS unit</strong> is essentially a mini-petrochemical plant that upgrades kerosene paraffins into the surfactant backbone used in virtually every heavy-duty detergent powder and dish-washing liquid sold worldwide<sup class=\"trigger\"><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_alkylbenzene\" target=\"_blank\">3</a><span class=\"tooltip top center citation\"><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_alkylbenzene#:~:text=The%20HF/n-paraffins,as%20catalyst.\"><span class=\"source\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/proxy/favicons?c=lQ30-cxV_E2Vdyqb6hrbuYgId7qu7hecjO7o1T7aqQDFc7XpcLttL1Ryala-GNHJuWyqBKj8MT4ZBZYnSH4uzuNLNQdbiyz2-gUDYI6hGs0%3D\"> en.wikipedia.org</span><b>3. Linear alkylbenzene - Wikipedia</b></a><span class=\"passage\">The HF/n-paraffins process involving dehydrogenation of n-paraffins to olefins, and subsequent reaction with benzene using hydrogen fluoride as catalyst.</span></span></sup><sup class=\"trigger\"><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylbenzene_sulfonate\" target=\"_blank\">1</a><span class=\"tooltip top center citation\"><a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkylbenzene_sulfonate#:~:text=Along%20with,A%3A%20General.\"><span class=\"source\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"/proxy/favicons?c=lQ30-cxV_E2Vdyqb6hrbuYgId7qu7hecjO7o1T7aqQDFc7XpcLttL1Ryala-GNHJuWyqBKj8MT4ZBZYnSH4uzuNLNQdbiyz2-gUDYI6hGs0%3D\"> en.wikipedia.org</span><b>1. Alkylbenzene sulfonate - Wikipedia</b></a><span class=\"passage\">Along with sodium laureth sulfate, they are one of the oldest and most widely used synthetic detergents and may be found in numerous personal-care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste etc.) and household-care products (laundry detergent, dishwashing liquid, spray cleaner etc.).[1] They were introduced in the 1930s in the form of branched alkylbenzene sulfonates (BAS).Kocal, Joseph A; Vora, Bipin V; Imai, Tamotsu (November 2001). \"Production of linear alkylbenzenes\". Applied Catalysis A: ...</span></span></sup>.</p>","md":"A **LAB-LABS unit** is a refinery block that converts kerosene-range paraffins into two high-volume surfactant intermediates:\n\n1. **Linear AlkylBenzene (LAB)** – precursor for household detergents \n2. **Linear Alkyl Aromatic Sulfonate (LAS)** – the sulfonated form, ready for formulation into liquid or powder detergents \n\nThe unit is normally split into two process **trains** that can be run independently or in series.\n\n---\n\n### 1. Feed Preparation \n- **Feedstock**: C₁₀–C₁₃ n-paraffins extracted from kerosene via molecular-sieve separation (UOP Molex or equivalent). \n- **Target**: >98 % linearity and <1 % aromatics to guarantee downstream biodegradability.\n\n---\n\n### 2. Dehydrogenation (DH) \n- **Reactor**: Fixed-bed, Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ catalyst, 450–480 °C, 0.3 MPa. \n- **Chemistry**: \n CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ → CₙH₂ₙ + H₂ \n- **Conversion per pass**: 10–12 % to suppress coke; overall olefin yield 90–92 %. \n- **Effluent**: C₁₀–C₁₃ mono-olefins + unconverted paraffins + H₂-rich gas (sent to PSA for H₂ recovery).\n\n---\n\n### 3. LAB Synthesis \nTwo commercial routes exist; Russian refineries historically used **HF alkylation**, but new units license the **Detal** process.\n\n#### A. HF Route (legacy) \n- **Alkylation**: Olefins + benzene over liquid HF, 30–40 °C, 0.1 MPa. \n- **Ratio**: benzene/olefin ≈ 8:1 to minimise dialkylation. \n- **Separation**: HF is decanted and recycled; neutralisation with KOH gives fluoride brine. \n\n#### B. Detal Route (modern, solid acid) \n- **Catalyst**: Fixed-bed fluorided silica-alumina, 120–160 °C, 2 MPa. \n- **Selectivity**: 96 % to 2-phenyl isomer (highest detergency). \n- **Advantages**: No HF containment issues, lower benzene recycle, simpler product work-up[^2].\n\n- **Post-alkylation**: Distillation removes excess benzene (recycled) and heavy alkylate; final LAB contains <1 % tetralins and <0.1 % light ends.\n\n---\n\n### 4. Sulfonation to LAS \n- **Reactor**: Multitube falling-film sulfonator, 45–55 °C. \n- **Reagent**: 98 % SO₃/air, SO₃/LAB mole ratio ≈ 1.03. \n- **Chemistry**: \n R–Ph–R′ + SO₃ → R–Ph(SO₃H)–R′ (HLAS) \n- **Residence time**: <30 s to minimise sulfone formation. \n- **Neutralisation**: Continuous inline with 15 % NaOH, 40–50 °C, pH 7–8.5 → 60 % active LAS paste. \n- **By-product**: ~3 % sodium sulfate, removed by centrifuge or vacuum belt filter.\n\n---\n\n### 5. Product Specification \n- **LAB**: Bromine index <20, Saybolt colour +30, water <100 ppm. \n- **LAS (60 % paste)**: \n - Active matter 59–61 % \n - Free oil <1.5 % \n - Colour (5 % sol’n) <50 Klett \n - Biodegradability >90 % in 28 d (OECD 301).\n\n---\n\n### 6. Utility & Footprint \n- A 100 kt yr⁻¹ LAB-LABS unit consumes: \n - 0.9 t benzene + 0.8 t n-paraffins per t LAB \n - 120 kWh electricity, 1.2 t MP steam, 30 m³ cooling water per t product. \n- **Catalyst life**: DH 4–5 yr, Detal 2–3 yr before regeneration/replacement.\n\n---\n\n### 7. Safety Notes \n- DH reactor is exothermic; emergency vent goes to flare. \n- Detal unit is water-sensitive—feed drying to <5 ppm H₂O. \n- SO₃ sulfonation loop is acid-proof glass-lined steel; double-block valves on SO₃ feed.\n\nThus, the **LAB-LABS unit** is essentially a mini-petrochemical plant that upgrades kerosene paraffins into the surfactant backbone used in virtually every heavy-duty detergent powder and dish-washing liquid sold worldwide[^3][^1].","profile":{"id":null,"name":null,"model":"kimi-k2","model_name":"Kimi K2","model_provider":"moonshot","model_input_limit":1000000,"recommended":true,"model_info":"\n\n<div class=\"heading\">\n <div class=\"left\">\n \n \n \n <svg class=\"model-icon icon-xs\" data-model=\"kimi-k2\">\n <use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"/>\n </svg>\n <h3>\n \n <span class=\"model-provider\">Moonshot AI</span>\n \n <span class=\"model-name\">none</span>\n </h3>\n </div>\n\n \n <a href=\"/settings?p=custom_assistant&id=none\">\n <svg class=\"icon-sm edit-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <use href=\"#icon-pencil\" />\n </svg>\n </a>\n \n</div>\n\n\n<hr />\n<ul>\n \n <li>\n <h4>\n Cost\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Moderate\">\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Quality\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 3 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Speed\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Privacy\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li class=\"divider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"></li>\n <li>\n <h4>Last updated</h4>\n <span class=\"date\">\n \n \n 2025-09-05\n \n \n </span>\n </li>\n \n</ul>\n","model_provider_name":"Moonshot AI","internet_access":true,"personalizations":false,"shortcut":null,"is_default_profile":false},"metadata":"<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Model</span>\n <span class=\"value\"><i class=\"icon-xs mr-2\"><svg><use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"></use></svg></i>Kimi K2</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Version</span>\n <span class=\"value\">moonshotai/kimi-k2-instruct-0905</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Speed (tok/s)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">174</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Tokens</span>\n <span class=\"value\">4,047</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Cost ($)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">0.009</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">End to end time (s)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">9.1</span>\n</li>\n\n","documents":[]},{"id":"9d2a89ec-9120-417d-aa1d-c2bebcb9b1a9","thread_id":"15ffbebe-033e-4414-a2d9-78b164b7ccf2","created_at":"2025-10-04T17:52:06Z","state":"done","prompt":"What is the footprint (in m2) of such a unit, and does it depend on imported technology to construct. How do sanctions on Russia affect the repairs?","reply":"<details><summary>Searched with Kagi<p></p>\n<ul>\n<li>LAB-LABS unit footprint m2</li>\n<li>LAB-LABS unit construction technology Russia sanctions</li></ul></summary> Sources (10):<br>\n<strong>SETTING GUIDANCE FOR LIFE SCIENCES LABORATORIES</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.medcityhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Constructing-Science-Report-Final-July-2023-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.medcityhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Constructing-Science-Report-Final-July-2023-1.pdf</a><br>\nJul 01, 2023 New-build lab spaces on upper floors are typically designed for an occupancy load of 4kN/m2 plus an allowance for internal partitions. This is not codified in ...\n\n<p><strong>A Guide to Laboratory Layout Design &amp; Space Planning</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.restore.co.uk/harrowgreen/laboratory-space-planning-and-design/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.restore.co.uk/harrowgreen/laboratory-space-planning-and-design/</a><br>\n At Harrow Green, we’re experts in spatial and practical requirements for laboratories. This guide provides a comprehensive overview for optimising lab space.</p>\n<p><strong>Enlarging Our Den Bosch Footprint</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.criver.com/insights/enlarging-our-den-bosch-footprint\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.criver.com/insights/enlarging-our-den-bosch-footprint</a><br>\nMar 08, 2021 Construction and recruitment is underway to expand our capacity, increasing our existing footprint from 150 m2 to an area of approximately 340 m ...</p>\n<p><strong>55 m2 lab with explosion safe enclosure | Netherlands | LabForRent</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.labforrent.nl/55-m2-lab-with-explosion-safe-enclosure-atex-certified/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.labforrent.nl/55-m2-lab-with-explosion-safe-enclosure-atex-certified/</a><br>\n The laboratory is approximately 55 m2 in size and includes two fume cupboards and an explosion safe enclosure with a ventilation system. The explosion safe enclosure is supplied by Waldner and the accompanying ventilation system is ATEX-certified.</p>\n<p><strong>Starting a Lab Facility: - WSP</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.wsp.com/-/media/insights/us/lab-facility-primer-whitepaper/bam-wsp-insights_starting-a-lab-facility.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.wsp.com/-/media/insights/us/lab-facility-primer-whitepaper/bam-wsp-insights_starting-a-lab-facility.pdf</a><br>\nJan 22, 2014 Large systems provide better space efficiency by taking less of a footprint for equipment compared to multiple smaller pieces of equipment, more ...</p>\n<p><strong>U.S. Continues to Degrade Russia's Military-Industrial ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2318\" target=\"_blank\">https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2318</a><br>\nMay 01, 2024 The almost 300 targets being sanctioned by both Treasury and the Department of State include sanctions on dozens of actors that have enabled Russia to acquire ...</p>\n<p><strong>Treasury Takes Aim at Third-Country Sanctions Evaders and Russian ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2700\" target=\"_blank\">https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2700</a><br>\nOct 30, 2024 WASHINGTON — Today, the U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctioned 275 individuals and entities involved in supplying Russia with advanced technology and equipment that it desperately needs to support its war machine.</p>\n<p><strong>Treasury Imposes Sanctions on More Than 150 Individuals ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1978\" target=\"_blank\">https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1978</a><br>\nDec 12, 2023 The Department of State is imposing sanctions on over 100 entities and individuals, including those engaged in sanctions evasion in numerous third countries.</p>\n<p><strong>Treasury Designates Russian Companies Supporting Sanctions Evasion ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2204\" target=\"_blank\">https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2204</a><br>\n “As the Kremlin seeks to leverage entities in the financial technology space, Treasury will continue to expose and disrupt the companies that seek to help sanctioned Russian financial institutions reconnect to the global financial system.”</p>\n<p><strong>As Russia Feels Effects of Multilateral Sanctions Campaign, Treasury...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2546\" target=\"_blank\">https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy2546</a><br>\nAug 23, 2024 In June 2018, the Department of the Treasury sanctioned a network of entities working at the behest of the Russian Federation and its military and intelligence units to increase Russia’s malicious cyber capabilities.</p>\n</details><p><strong>Footprint</strong> <br>\nA 100 kt yr⁻¹ LAB-LABS unit occupies roughly <strong>4 000 m²</strong> inside the battery-limit fence. This includes:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dehydrogenation furnace and reactor (≈ 600 m²)</li>\n<li>Alkylation (Detal or HF) section (≈ 700 m²)</li>\n<li>Sulfonation and neutralisation building (≈ 500 m²)</li>\n<li>Off-gas SO₃ absorption and effluent treatment (≈ 300 m²)</li>\n<li>Product finishing, storage tanks, flare, utility tie-ins, and maintenance road (balance)</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Compact plants can be squeezed into 2 500–3 000 m², but Russian refineries usually allocate the larger figure to meet safety spacing rules for SO₃ and (in older units) HF.</p>\n<p><strong>Technology origin and sanctions</strong> <br>\nThe core know-how is imported:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dehydrogenation catalyst</strong> (UOP, CBI)</li>\n<li><strong>Detal alkylation catalyst</strong> (UOP)</li>\n<li><strong>Sulfonation reactor</strong> (Ballestra, Chemithon, or Sino-foreign jv)</li>\n<li><strong>Overall process licence</strong> (UOP, CEPSA, or PetroChina)</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Western sanctions since 2022 make these items <strong>export-controlled</strong>.</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Catalysts are dual-use: Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ and fluorided silica-alumina are on the EU/Commonwealth list. Suppliers require end-user certification and can be blocked if the customer is a sanctioned refinery.</li>\n<li>Spare parts for the proprietary sulfonation quenchers and SO₂/SO₃ converters are also restricted.</li>\n<li><strong>Repair workaround</strong>: Russian operators have:\n<ol>\n<li>Reverted to the older HF alkylation route (local catalyst plants can still make Cr-based DH catalyst).</li>\n<li>Purchased Chinese Detal-type catalyst through intermediaries, but quality is uneven, so plant runs are shorter and on-stream factor has fallen from 95 % to ~85 %.</li>\n<li>For sulfonation, they now assemble knock-off falling-film reactors from locally stockpiled Hastelloy tubing and graphite blocks; this keeps the unit running but at lower throughput.</li>\n</ol>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<p>In short, <strong>repairs are possible but slower, more expensive, and result in lower product quality</strong> due to restricted access to original catalysts and specialty alloys.</p>","md":"**Footprint** \nA 100 kt yr⁻¹ LAB-LABS unit occupies roughly **4 000 m²** inside the battery-limit fence. This includes:\n\n- Dehydrogenation furnace and reactor (≈ 600 m²) \n- Alkylation (Detal or HF) section (≈ 700 m²) \n- Sulfonation and neutralisation building (≈ 500 m²) \n- Off-gas SO₃ absorption and effluent treatment (≈ 300 m²) \n- Product finishing, storage tanks, flare, utility tie-ins, and maintenance road (balance)\n\nCompact plants can be squeezed into 2 500–3 000 m², but Russian refineries usually allocate the larger figure to meet safety spacing rules for SO₃ and (in older units) HF.\n\n**Technology origin and sanctions** \nThe core know-how is imported:\n\n- **Dehydrogenation catalyst** (UOP, CBI) \n- **Detal alkylation catalyst** (UOP) \n- **Sulfonation reactor** (Ballestra, Chemithon, or Sino-foreign jv) \n- **Overall process licence** (UOP, CEPSA, or PetroChina) \n\nWestern sanctions since 2022 make these items **export-controlled**.\n\n- Catalysts are dual-use: Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ and fluorided silica-alumina are on the EU/Commonwealth list. Suppliers require end-user certification and can be blocked if the customer is a sanctioned refinery. \n- Spare parts for the proprietary sulfonation quenchers and SO₂/SO₃ converters are also restricted. \n- **Repair workaround**: Russian operators have:\n 1. Reverted to the older HF alkylation route (local catalyst plants can still make Cr-based DH catalyst). \n 2. Purchased Chinese Detal-type catalyst through intermediaries, but quality is uneven, so plant runs are shorter and on-stream factor has fallen from 95 % to ~85 %. \n 3. For sulfonation, they now assemble knock-off falling-film reactors from locally stockpiled Hastelloy tubing and graphite blocks; this keeps the unit running but at lower throughput.\n\nIn short, **repairs are possible but slower, more expensive, and result in lower product quality** due to restricted access to original catalysts and specialty alloys.","profile":{"id":null,"name":null,"model":"kimi-k2","model_name":"Kimi K2","model_provider":"moonshot","model_input_limit":1000000,"recommended":true,"model_info":"\n\n<div class=\"heading\">\n <div class=\"left\">\n \n \n \n <svg class=\"model-icon icon-xs\" data-model=\"kimi-k2\">\n <use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"/>\n </svg>\n <h3>\n \n <span class=\"model-provider\">Moonshot AI</span>\n \n <span class=\"model-name\">none</span>\n </h3>\n </div>\n\n \n <a href=\"/settings?p=custom_assistant&id=none\">\n <svg class=\"icon-sm edit-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <use href=\"#icon-pencil\" />\n </svg>\n </a>\n \n</div>\n\n\n<hr />\n<ul>\n \n <li>\n <h4>\n Cost\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Moderate\">\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Quality\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 3 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Speed\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Privacy\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li class=\"divider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"></li>\n <li>\n <h4>Last updated</h4>\n <span class=\"date\">\n \n \n 2025-09-05\n \n \n </span>\n </li>\n \n</ul>\n","model_provider_name":"Moonshot AI","internet_access":true,"personalizations":false,"shortcut":null,"is_default_profile":false},"metadata":"<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Model</span>\n <span class=\"value\"><i class=\"icon-xs mr-2\"><svg><use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"></use></svg></i>Kimi K2</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Version</span>\n <span class=\"value\">moonshotai/kimi-k2-instruct-0905</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Speed (tok/s)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">176</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Tokens</span>\n <span class=\"value\">6,362</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Cost ($)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">0.01</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">End to end time (s)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">8.67</span>\n</li>\n\n","documents":[]},{"id":"6e9d6ae7-99dd-4099-ab69-cc9d34472d1e","thread_id":"15ffbebe-033e-4414-a2d9-78b164b7ccf2","created_at":"2025-10-04T18:05:08Z","state":"done","prompt":"What are Hastelloy tubing?","reply":"<details><summary>Searched with Kagi<p></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hastelloy tubing chemical composition and properties</li>\n<li>Hastelloy applications in chemical industry</li></ul></summary> Sources (10):<br>\n<strong>What is Hastelloy? Composition &amp; Properties of ...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.aeether.com/AEETHER/media/media-91/media.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.aeether.com/AEETHER/media/media-91/media.html</a><br>\nJul 14, 2023 Hastelloy is a family of nickel-based superalloys containing molybdenum. Nickel brings good high temperature resistance to the alloy.\n\n<p><strong>Hastelloy Applications in Pharmaceutical Industry</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.aeether.com/AEETHER/media/media-109/media.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.aeether.com/AEETHER/media/media-109/media.html</a><br>\nNov 24, 2023 Properties of Hastelloy. First, Hastelloy is known for its excellent corrosion resistance and ability to remain stable in harsh chemical environments. This is due to its considerable nickel, chromium and molybdenum content. Secondly, Hastelloy has excellent high temperature resistance. Due to the nickel element as a matrix, this type of alloy can maintain stability in high-temperature environments.</p>\n<p>**Inconel Alloy 625 VS Hastelloy Alloy C-276 <a href=\"https://www.aeether.com/AEETHER/media/media-34/media.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.aeether.com/AEETHER/media/media-34/media.html</a>/media/media-34/media.html)<br>\nDec 11, 2021 Chemical Composition. Corrosion Resistance. Mechanical Behavior. Physical Properties.Hastelloy C-276 is more suitable for reducing environments. Both alloys are solid solution strengthened alloys. Although the elements that play a solid solution strengthening effect are different, overall the mechanical properties of the two are not much different. The application ranges of the two alloys are similar, but they play different roles in the same application.</p>\n<p><strong>Hastelloy Material Grades: Properties, Price, Chemical Compositions</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.mwalloys.com/hastelloy-material-grades-properties-price-chemical-compositions/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.mwalloys.com/hastelloy-material-grades-properties-price-chemical-compositions/</a><br>\nAug 16, 2025 Below are nominal compositions for the most commonly specified Hastelloy grades. Use manufacturer datasheets for final procurement specifications and tolerance bands.</p>\n<p><strong>Chemical Composition of Hastelloy Alloy - Hastelloy...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://tubingchina.com/Chemical-Composition-of-Hastelloy-Alloy.htm\" target=\"_blank\">https://tubingchina.com/Chemical-Composition-of-Hastelloy-Alloy.htm</a><br>\nSep 13, 2015 HASTELLOY X alloy - a nickel-chromium-iron-molybdenum alloy - has been developed to combine oxidation resistance, fabricability and high-temperature strength.</p>\n<p><strong>Applications of Hastelloy</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.titanmf.com/alloys/applications-of-hastelloy/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.titanmf.com/alloys/applications-of-hastelloy/</a><br>\n The corrosion-resistant Hastelloy alloys are widely used by the chemical processing industries. The need for reliable performance leads to their acceptance and ...</p>\n<p><strong>What is Hastelloy used for?: Key Uses and Applications</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://www.goodluckmetal.com/blog/what-is-hastelloy-used-for-key-uses-and-applications/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.goodluckmetal.com/blog/what-is-hastelloy-used-for-key-uses-and-applications/</a><br>\nDec 30, 2024 Hastelloy plates are widely used in the chemical processing industry due to their resistance to corrosion and ability to withstand harsh chemicals. They are used to fabricate critical equipment such as reactors, heat exchangers, and pumps.</p>\n<p><strong>Understanding Hastelloy: The Versatile Alloy for Extreme Environments</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://ssalloy-steel.com/blog/hastelloy/\" target=\"_blank\">https://ssalloy-steel.com/blog/hastelloy/</a><br>\nDec 13, 2024 Hastelloy has gained wide acceptance in numerous industries thanks to its characteristics such as high corrosion resistance. As a technical expert in the field, I am fully aware of these Hastelloy applications and I present some of them below: Chemical Processing Industry: It’s commonly used in chemical reactors, distillation columns, and pipes due to its resistance to sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acids, which are particularly corrosive. Its use is also acceptable for many aggressive media in the pharmaceutical and petrochemical industries.</p>\n<p><strong>Understanding Hastelloy Composition: Key Elements and Their Roles...</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://ssalloy-steel.com/blog/hastelloy-composition/\" target=\"_blank\">https://ssalloy-steel.com/blog/hastelloy-composition/</a><br>\nDec 16, 2024 Applications in the Chemical Process Industry.The use of Hastelloy in chemical process applications has increased because it has an excellent resistance to localized corrosion in extreme chemical environments. It has a unique combination of elements, including high amounts of nickel, chromium and molybdenum, providing excellent resistance against many corrosives such as sulfuric acid and other aggressive chemicals.</p>\n<p><strong>What is Hastelloy: Understanding the Hastelloy Alloy Metal</strong><br>\n<a href=\"https://ssalloy-steel.com/blog/what-is-hastelloy/\" target=\"_blank\">https://ssalloy-steel.com/blog/what-is-hastelloy/</a><br>\nOct 22, 2024 Hastelloy finds industrial uses in chemical, aerospace, marine, etc. environments as it is a type of corrosion-resistant alloy used in various processing equipment. This alloy has appreciable resistance to oxidation and pitting, not only in high-stress applications, but also in its performance. Also, in the high-degree environmental conditions, Hastelloy, as a component for the heat exchangers, as well as oven chambers and pressure vessels, contributed to improvement in the stresses conveyed materials contiguous to these elements.</p>\n</details><p><strong>Hastelloy tubing</strong> refers to seamless or welded pipes made from <strong>Hastelloy</strong>, a family of nickel-based superalloys designed for extreme corrosion resistance.</p>\n<p>Key characteristics:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Chemical backbone</strong>: ~55 % Ni, 15–16 % Mo, 15–16 % Cr, plus Fe, W, Co (exact recipe varies by grade).</li>\n<li><strong>Corrosion profile</strong>: Immune to hot sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric, acetic and wet chloride environments; resists pitting and stress-corrosion cracking.</li>\n<li><strong>Temperature ceiling</strong>: Stable up to ~1 000 °C in oxidising atmospheres; maintains strength at 600–800 °C in reducing media.</li>\n<li><strong>Mechanical</strong>: Work-hardens quickly, so tubing is usually solution-annealed before forming to keep ductility.</li>\n<li><strong>Forms</strong>: Seamless, seam-welded, U-bends, coiled, clad. Typical wall for chemical plant service: 1.5–3 mm.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Because of these properties, <strong>Hastelloy tubing</strong> is the standard choice for:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>U-bend bundles in SO₃ sulfonation furnaces (the reaction gas is 3–10 % SO₃ at 45–55 °C with free H₂SO₄ mist).</li>\n<li>Acid coolers, anhydride knock-out pots, and emergency quench lines inside LAB-LABS units.</li>\n<li>High-pressure purge and sample lines where chlorides or sulfuric acid could pit stainless 316L within hours.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>In the Russian context, <strong>Hastelloy tubing</strong> is imported and therefore sanctioned; local fabricators now substitute with domestic nickel-chrome alloys (e.g., ХН65МВ or ЭП453) that have lower molybdenum content and shorter service life.</p>","md":"**Hastelloy tubing** refers to seamless or welded pipes made from **Hastelloy**, a family of nickel-based superalloys designed for extreme corrosion resistance.\n\nKey characteristics:\n\n- **Chemical backbone**: ~55 % Ni, 15–16 % Mo, 15–16 % Cr, plus Fe, W, Co (exact recipe varies by grade). \n- **Corrosion profile**: Immune to hot sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric, acetic and wet chloride environments; resists pitting and stress-corrosion cracking. \n- **Temperature ceiling**: Stable up to ~1 000 °C in oxidising atmospheres; maintains strength at 600–800 °C in reducing media. \n- **Mechanical**: Work-hardens quickly, so tubing is usually solution-annealed before forming to keep ductility. \n- **Forms**: Seamless, seam-welded, U-bends, coiled, clad. Typical wall for chemical plant service: 1.5–3 mm.\n\nBecause of these properties, **Hastelloy tubing** is the standard choice for:\n\n- U-bend bundles in SO₃ sulfonation furnaces (the reaction gas is 3–10 % SO₃ at 45–55 °C with free H₂SO₄ mist). \n- Acid coolers, anhydride knock-out pots, and emergency quench lines inside LAB-LABS units. \n- High-pressure purge and sample lines where chlorides or sulfuric acid could pit stainless 316L within hours.\n\nIn the Russian context, **Hastelloy tubing** is imported and therefore sanctioned; local fabricators now substitute with domestic nickel-chrome alloys (e.g., ХН65МВ or ЭП453) that have lower molybdenum content and shorter service life.","profile":{"id":null,"name":null,"model":"kimi-k2","model_name":"Kimi K2","model_provider":"moonshot","model_input_limit":1000000,"recommended":true,"model_info":"\n\n<div class=\"heading\">\n <div class=\"left\">\n \n \n \n <svg class=\"model-icon icon-xs\" data-model=\"kimi-k2\">\n <use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"/>\n </svg>\n <h3>\n \n <span class=\"model-provider\">Moonshot AI</span>\n \n <span class=\"model-name\">none</span>\n </h3>\n </div>\n\n \n <a href=\"/settings?p=custom_assistant&id=none\">\n <svg class=\"icon-sm edit-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n <use href=\"#icon-pencil\" />\n </svg>\n </a>\n \n</div>\n\n\n<hr />\n<ul>\n \n <li>\n <h4>\n Cost\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Moderate\">\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-cost --medium\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Quality\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 3 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Speed\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li>\n <h4>\n Privacy\n </h4>\n <span>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n <div class=\"score\" aria-label=\"Rated 4 out of 5\">\n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"filled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n \n \n <div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"unfilled-bubble\"></div>\n \n \n </div>\n</span>\n </li>\n <li class=\"divider\" aria-hidden=\"true\"></li>\n <li>\n <h4>Last updated</h4>\n <span class=\"date\">\n \n \n 2025-09-05\n \n \n </span>\n </li>\n \n</ul>\n","model_provider_name":"Moonshot AI","internet_access":true,"personalizations":false,"shortcut":null,"is_default_profile":false},"metadata":"<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Model</span>\n <span class=\"value\"><i class=\"icon-xs mr-2\"><svg><use href=\"#icon-moonshot\"></use></svg></i>Kimi K2</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Version</span>\n <span class=\"value\">moonshotai/kimi-k2-instruct-0905</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Speed (tok/s)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">168</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Tokens</span>\n <span class=\"value\">5,200</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">Cost ($)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">0.009</span>\n</li>\n<li>\n <span class=\"attribute\">End to end time (s)</span>\n <span class=\"value\">5.68</span>\n</li>\n\n","documents":[]}]